What it means
Three dots in a triangle mean therefore; upside down they mean because. They are common in school proofs and handwritten notes.
Read aloud in real formulas
x + 1 = 3 ∴ x = 2
Aethel says
x plus 1 equals 3, therefore x equals 2
so x is 2
Typing it
- LaTeX
- \therefore, \because
- Unicode
- U+2234, U+2235
Questions
How do you say ∴ out loud?
It is usually read “therefore”, and also “because”.
What does ∴ mean in maths?
Three dots in a triangle mean therefore; upside down they mean because. They are common in school proofs and handwritten notes.
How do you type ∴?
In LaTeX, write \therefore, \because. Its Unicode code point is U+2234, U+2235.